ess-mode is \"Emacs speaks statistics.\" This mode is useful for editing programs for R or Splus (two separate statistics packages).
In my buffer, when
A more recent version which seemed to work for me, and is a lot less verbose (you essentially keep normal underscores, but can set your own key for this smart behaviour!):
(global-set-key (kbd "C-;") (lambda () (interactive) (insert " <- ")))
(ess-toggle-underscore nil)
Insert your shortkey choice instead of C-;.