How do I get the width and height of a HTML5 canvas?

Question

How can i get the width and height of the canvas element in JavaScript?

Also, what is the \"context\" of the canvas I keep reading about?

Answer 1

Here's a CodePen that uses canvas.height/width, CSS height/width, and context to correctly render any canvas at any size.

HTML:

Render

CSS:

canvas {
  width: 400px;
  height: 200px;
  border: 1px solid red;
  display: block;
}

Javascript:

const myCanvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
const originalHeight = myCanvas.height;
const originalWidth = myCanvas.width;
render();
function render() {
  let dimensions = getObjectFitSize(
    true,
    myCanvas.clientWidth,
    myCanvas.clientHeight,
    myCanvas.width,
    myCanvas.height
  );
  myCanvas.width = dimensions.width;
  myCanvas.height = dimensions.height;

  let ctx = myCanvas.getContext("2d");
  let ratio = Math.min(
    myCanvas.clientWidth / originalWidth,
    myCanvas.clientHeight / originalHeight
  );
  ctx.scale(ratio, ratio); //adjust this!
  ctx.beginPath();
  ctx.arc(50, 50, 50, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
  ctx.stroke();
}

// adapted from: https://www.npmjs.com/package/intrinsic-scale
function getObjectFitSize(
  contains /* true = contain, false = cover */,
  containerWidth,
  containerHeight,
  width,
  height
) {
  var doRatio = width / height;
  var cRatio = containerWidth / containerHeight;
  var targetWidth = 0;
  var targetHeight = 0;
  var test = contains ? doRatio > cRatio : doRatio < cRatio;

  if (test) {
    targetWidth = containerWidth;
    targetHeight = targetWidth / doRatio;
  } else {
    targetHeight = containerHeight;
    targetWidth = targetHeight * doRatio;
  }

  return {
    width: targetWidth,
    height: targetHeight,
    x: (containerWidth - targetWidth) / 2,
    y: (containerHeight - targetHeight) / 2
  };
}

Basically, canvas.height/width sets the size of the bitmap you are rendering to. The CSS height/width then scales the bitmap to fit the layout space (often warping it as it scales it). The context can then modify it's scale to draw, using vector operations, at different sizes.