Right now I have this PHP:
$columns = array(*/Data*/);
echo json_encode($columns);
And this is sent through an AJAX GET request with JQuery
Sure, you could send an array of array. PHP associative array will become a javascript object.
In PHP:
$data = array();
$data['fruits'] = array('apple','banana','cherry');
$data['animals'] = array('dog', 'elephant');
echo json_encode($data);
and then on jQuery
var data = jQuery.parseJSON(response);
then you could then do something like this to access the values
console.log(data.fruits[0]); // apple
console.log(data.animals[1]); // elephant