I have installed a created a virtualenv machinelearn and installed a few python modules (pandas, scipy and sklearn) in that environment.
When I run
Creation of virtualenv with python3 -m venv command
I had the same problem as yours. In my case I had created the virtualenv with the command
python3 -m venv ./my_virtual_env --system-site-packages
The problem was I could not install jupyter inside the virtual environment as it was already in the system-site-package (when you try to install it, it tells you "Requirement already satisfied").
To install jupyter, (and in a first instance pip, that does not get installed neither in your virtual environment with this command) but still have access to system-site-package you can run :
python3 -m venv ./my_virtual_env
Activate you virtual environment, run pip3 install jupyter (and pip3 install pip) and then turn on the option include-system-site-packages in the file ./my_virtual_env/pyvenv.cfg.
After deactivation and reactivation of you environment, you will have access to system site-packages.
Creation of virtualenv with virtualenv command
Given this answer you can prevent the access to system site-packages by creating a file ./my_virtual_env/lib/python3.4/no-global-site-packages.txt, and get the access back by removing it.