If you have JUnit 4.7 or above try ExpectedException
There is an example in this question, which is copied below:
@Rule
public ExpectedException exception = ExpectedException.none();
@Test
public void testRodneCisloRok(){
exception.expect(IllegalArgumentException.class);
exception.expectMessage("error1");
new RodneCislo("891415",dopocitej("891415"));
}