& means that you are passing a block
Post.all is the receiver of the method .map, and its block is being passed on
Post.all.map { |item| # do something }
http://ruby-doc.org/core-1.9.3/Enumerable.html#method-i-map
It iterates over the array and create a lambda with symbol#to_proc
http://ruby-doc.org/core-1.9.3/Symbol.html#method-i-to_proc