For example if I have an Enum with two cases, does it make take more memory than a boolean? Languages: Java, C++
If your enum will ever have only two cases, indeed using a boolean instead might be a better idea (memory size, performance, usage/logic), even more in Java.
If you are wondering about memory cost, it might imply you plan to use lot of them. In Java you can use BitSet class, or on a smaller scale, in both languages you can manipulate bits with bitwise operations.