I\'ve been exploring what cryptographic modules are available to Python, and I\'ve found 3: ezPyCrypt, yawPyCrypt and KeyCzar (which actually supports a few languages, but P
PyCrypto is my choice atm (latest pypi update 2012-05-24) and the source code is hosted on GitHub: https://github.com/dlitz/pycrypto. It can run pure Python math or use libgmp (you will need sudo apt-get install libgmp-dev on Debian to enable the latest).
M2Crypto is a wrapper for OpenSSL (latest pypi update 2011-01-15), source code at http://svn.osafoundation.org/m2crypto/.
gnupg (updated 2013-06-05), see Vinay Sajip's answer. There is a patched fork (updated 2013-07-31) hosted at https://github.com/isislovecruft/python-gnupg
Other alternatives are mentioned by Alex Martelli
EDIT: critics of existing crypto packages and references to some new ones https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6194102