I\'m primarily a C++ programmer, but I\'m trying to pick up some PHP.
Apparently the way to implement web user sessions is to store the user\'s login ID in a cookie
Answering this question needs 2 approaches:
PHP session IDs are hard enough to guess for most use cases. Not much harder or less hard than other widely used systems.
Trusting only a session cookie (and only the existance of a session cookie) seems not to go very far security-wise to me, no matter where this session cookie comes from - PHP or elsewhere.
So, in short: PHP sessions are as secure, as your use of them makes them be. This is true for any session-cookie-based system I know of.