First of all JDK contains JRE+development tools, JRE contains JVM+class libraries, where JVM contains (class loader & byte code verifier) and the Execution engine (interpreter & JIT).
The compiler will convert the source code into intermediate byte codes. Where this byte codes is given to JVM for execution, the class loader in the JVM will load the byte codes and does linking with class libraries provided by the JRE.
Then the code will be given to the execution engine in the JVM which interprets the unrepeated code and compiles the repeated code (for example loops) finally converting into machine code (object code). Then it will give the machine code to the microprocessor for execution.
