I have below three code snippets all doing the same thing: creating in-memory authentication. So how it impacts defining it in different method names?
For the difference between: registerGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) and configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)
The name of the configureGlobal method is not important. However, it is important to only configure AuthenticationManagerBuilder in a class annotated with either @EnableWebSecurity, @EnableWebMvcSecurity, @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity, or @EnableGlobalAuthentication. Doing otherwise has unpredictable results.
Source:
Chapter "Creating your Spring Security configuration" from the "Hello Spring Security Java Config" guide.
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) is a method that is likely provided by WebSecurityConfigurer (and its interface WebSecurityConfigurer) - I would say that is just a more type save approach, but does not differ in its result.