Hopefully, I can get answers for each database server.
For an outline of how indexing works check out: How does database indexing work?
To create indexes following stuff can be used:
Creates an index on a table. Duplicate values are allowed:
CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
Creates a unique index on a table. Duplicate values are not allowed:
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name)
Clustered Index: CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX CL_ID ON SALES(ID);
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX NONCI_PC ON SALES(ProductCode);Refer: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/190263/Indexes-in-MS-SQL-Server for details.