How to check which version of GitLab is installed on the server?
I am about version specified in GitLab changelog: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/b
It can be retrieved using REST, see Version API :
curl --header "PRIVATE-TOKEN: 9koXpg98eAheJpvBs5tK" https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/version
For authentication see Personal access tokens documentation.