I have setup docker and I have used completely different block device to store docker\'s system data:
[root@blink1 /]# cat /etc/sysconfig/docker
# /etc/sysc
Yes, Docker use /var/lib/docker folder to store the layers. There are ways to reclaim the space and move the storage to some other directory.
You can mount a bigger disk space and move the content of /var/lib/docker to the new mount location and make sym link.
There is detail explanation on how to do above task.
http://www.scmtechblog.net/2016/06/clean-up-docker-images-from-local-to.html
You can remove the intermediate layers too.
https://github.com/vishalvsh1/docker-image-cleanup