You might provide rules as an array :
$this->form_validation->set_rules('username', 'Nombre de usuario', array('required', 'min_length[2]', 'max_length[15]', 'regex_match[/^(?:\'[A-z](([\._\-][A-z0-9])|[A-z0-9])*[a-z0-9_]*\')$/]', 'is_unique[user.username]'));
This way regex with pipes won't crash