I want to help Outlook 2010 thread my emails. My understanding is that it bases the conversation view off of the conversationTopic property of the MailIte
You will need to construct the PR_CONVERSATION_INDEX property the right way - see http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/office/cc765583.aspx.
The property can be set either using MailItem.PropertyAccessor or RDOMail.Fields[] in Redemption.