I have a fairly simple website that I am playing with using ASP.NET Core. I am running the application from the command line and the website is returning static files but
If it is not important to expose the detail of the error to the world, then you can activate detailed error page in web.config.
Just add in the / of your web.config file located in root folder of your web site.
For more detailed explanation: How to Use Web.Config customErrors for ASP.NET
This has the advantage that you don't have to redeploy your site