What are the parentheses for at the end of Python method names?

Question

I\'m a beginner to Python and programming in general. Right now, I\'m having trouble understanding the function of empty parentheses at the end of method names, built-in or

Answer 1

the parentheses indicate that you want to call the method

upper() returns the value of the method applied to the string

if you simply say upper, then it returns a method, not the value you get when the method is applied

>>> print "This string will now be uppercase".upper

>>>