For example, its part of the Jikes RVM stack.
at [0x70cfba90, 0x708cfaa4] Lorg/apache/lucene/index/SegmentInfos;
**access$000**(Ljava/lang/String;)V
Quoted from the article linked by @birryree:
A private member m of a class C may be used by another class D, if one class encloses the other, or if they are enclosed by a common class. Since the virtual machine does not know about this sort of grouping, the compiler creates a local protocol of access methods in C to allow D to read, write, or call the member m. These methods have names of the form access$0, access$1, etc. They are never public. Access methods are unique in that they may be added to enclosing classes, not just inner classes.