I need a Captcha decoder for python to read simple image captchas like the following picture:

It is a nice project to do for academic reasons, I was interested in this a while ago. You have a few options:
You write your own with the help from this site: http://www.wausita.com/captcha/
You use OpenCV to do the matching.
If think there was a dedicated libary for neural network image matching but i can't seem to find it.
Basically as the others said, you want to remove the noise, split into single chars and compare it using a chosen technique to the model chars.