Android defines a set of permissions that third-party apps can request. Permissions are categorized by sensitivity; most permissions are either \"normal\" or \"dangerous\".
I found this blogpost listing the "default" permissions by protection level. I think, this is the kind of list you were looking for.
The list might have changed in the meantime though, as the post is 10 months old. It provides sample code to recompile the list by yourself.