Does C++ support 'finally' blocks? (And what's this 'RAII' I keep hearing about?)

Question

Does C++ support \'finally\' blocks?

What is the RAII idiom?

What is the difference between C++\'s RAII idiom and C#\'s \'using\' statement?

Answer 1

EDITED

If you are not breaking/continuing/returning etc., you could just add a catch to any unknown exception and put the always code behind it. That is also when you don't need the exception to be re-thrown.

try{
   // something that might throw exception
} catch( ... ){
   // what to do with uknown exception
}

//final code to be called always,
//don't forget that it might throw some exception too
doSomeCleanUp(); 

So what's the problem?

Normally finally in other programming languages usually runs no matter what(usually meaning regardless of any return, break, continue, ...) except for some sort of system exit() - which differes a lot per programming language - e.g. PHP and Java just exit in that moment, but Python executes finally anyways and then exits.

But the code I've described above doesn't work that way
=> following code outputs ONLY something wrong!:

#include 
#include 
#include 

std::string test() {
    try{
       // something that might throw exception
       throw "exceptiooon!";

       return "fine";
    } catch( ... ){
       return "something wrong!";
    }
    
    return "finally";
}

int main(void) {
    
    std::cout << test();
    
    
    return 0;
}