Is there any way to turn off all console.log statements in my JavaScript code, for testing purposes?
It is not a good practice to overwrite built-in functions. There is also no guarantee that you will suppress all output, other libraries you use may revert your changes and there are other functions that may write to the console; .dir(), .warning(), .error(), .debug(), .assert() etc.
As some suggested, you could define a DEBUG_MODE variable and log conditionally. Depending on the complexity and nature of your code, it may be a good idea to write your own logger object/function that wraps around the console object and has this capability built-in. That would be the right place to do deal with instrumentation.
That said, for 'testing' purposes you can write tests instead of printing to the console. If you are not doing any testing, and those console.log() lines were just an aid to write your code, simply delete them.