The subject says it all - normally easy and cross platform way is to poll, intelligently. But every OS has some means to notify without polling. Is it possible in a reasonab
I believe OS X now has appropriate hooks/callbacks because they were needed for Spotlight indexing.
On linux you'll have the additional trouble that there are multiple file systems commonly used. If you need the functionality for only a limited amount of files/directories, I'd try about actively looking for modifications at regular intervals.