Microsoft just introduced a Linux subsystem in its Windows 10 Anniversary Edition. The installation is pretty straight forward, but I could not locate bash files on Windows.
Since the Windows 10 Fall Creators Update, the location changed to:
C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Local\Packages\{DIST}\LocalState\rootfs\home\{LINUXUSER}\
Where:
{DIST} is equal to CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_79rhkp1fndgsc{LINUXUSER} is the user for which you are looking for the .bashrc fileJust for anyone wondering that came here from Google.