From the command line, I can get the home directory like this:
~/
How can I get the home directory inside my PHP CLI script?
You can rely on "home" directory when working with web server. Working CLI it will give the user path (in windows) if you want your script to work in web and cli environments I've found better to go up any levels with dirname until your root(home) directory.
echo dirname(__DIR__).PHP_EOL; // one level up
echo dirname(dirname(__DIR__)); //two levels up
echo dirname(__DIR__,2).PHP_EOL; //two levels only php >7.0