How to call a function from a shared library?

Question

What is the easiest and safest way to call a function from a shared library / dll? I am mostly interested in doing this on linux, but it would be better if there were a plat

Answer 1

NOTE: You are passing C++ objects (in this case STL strings) around library calls. There is no standard C++ ABI at this level, so either try to avoid passing C++ objects around, or ensure that both your library and your program have been built with the same compiler (ideally the same compiler on the same machine, to avoid any subtle configuration-related surprises.)

Do not forget to declare your exported methods extern "C" inside your library code.

The above having been said, here is some code implementing what you said you want to achieve:

typedef std::string (*foo_t)(const std::string);
foo_t foo = NULL;

...

# ifdef _WIN32
  HMODULE hDLL = ::LoadLibrary(szMyLib);
  if (!hDll) { /*error*/ }
  foo = (foo_t)::GetProcAddress(hDLL, "foo");
# else
  void *pLib = ::dlopen(szMyLib, RTLD_LAZY);
  if (!pLib) { /*error*/ }
  foo = (foo_t)::dlsym(pLib, "foo");
# endif
  if (!foo) { /*error*/ }

  ...

  foo("bar");

  ...

# ifdef _WIN32
  ::FreeLibrary(hDLL);
# else
  ::dlclose(pLib);
# endif

You can abstract this further:

#ifdef _WIN32
#include 
typedef HANDLE my_lib_t;
#else
#include 
typedef void* my_lib_t;
#endif

my_lib_t MyLoadLib(const char* szMyLib) {
# ifdef _WIN32
  return ::LoadLibraryA(szMyLib);
# else //_WIN32
  return ::dlopen(szMyLib, RTLD_LAZY);
# endif //_WIN32
}

void MyUnloadLib(my_lib_t hMyLib) {
# ifdef _WIN32
  return ::FreeLibrary(hMyLib);
# else //_WIN32
  return ::dlclose(hMyLib);
# endif //_WIN32
}

void* MyLoadProc(my_lib_t hMyLib, const char* szMyProc) {
# ifdef _WIN32
  return ::GetProcAddress(hMyLib, szMyProc);
# else //_WIN32
  return ::dlsym(hMyLib, szMyProc);
# endif //_WIN32
}

typedef std::string (*foo_t)(const std::string);
typedef int (*bar_t)(int);
my_lib_t hMyLib = NULL;
foo_t foo = NULL;
bar_t bar = NULL;

...

  if (!(hMyLib = ::MyLoadLib(szMyLib)) { /*error*/ }
  if (!(foo = (foo_t)::MyLoadProc(hMyLib, "foo")) { /*error*/ }
  if (!(bar = (bar_t)::MyLoadProc(hMyLib, "bar")) { /*error*/ }

  ...

  foo("bar");
  bar(7);

  ...

  ::MyUnloadLib(hMyLib);