Please point out the point that I am missing:
openSUSE 11.3
xx@linux-y3pi:~/Desktop/R> sudo R CMD INSTALL rgdal_0.7-12.tar.g
In Ubuntu 18.04
I fixed this by sudo apt install libgdal-dev Hope someone find this helpful. Some above answers seems to be outdated and lengthy.
sudo apt install libgdal-dev
In earlier versions (which had apt-get)
sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev