How do I call a SQL Server stored procedure from PowerShell?

Question

I have a large CSV file and I want to execute a stored procedure for each line.

What is the best way to execute a stored procedure from PowerShell?

Answer 1

Here is a function that I use (slightly redacted). It allows input and output parameters. I only have uniqueidentifier and varchar types implemented, but any other types are easy to add. If you use parameterized stored procedures (or just parameterized sql...this code is easily adapted to that), this will make your life a lot easier.

To call the function, you need a connection to the SQL server (say $conn),

$res=exec-storedprocedure -storedProcName 'stp_myProc' -parameters @{Param1="Hello";Param2=50} -outparams @{ID="uniqueidentifier"} $conn

retrieve proc output from returned object

$res.data #dataset containing the datatables returned by selects

$res.outputparams.ID #output parameter ID (uniqueidentifier)

The function:

function exec-storedprocedure($storedProcName,  
        [hashtable] $parameters=@{},
        [hashtable] $outparams=@{},
        $conn,[switch]$help){ 

        function put-outputparameters($cmd, $outparams){
            foreach($outp in $outparams.Keys){
                $cmd.Parameters.Add("@$outp", (get-paramtype $outparams[$outp])).Direction=[System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Output
            }
        }
        function get-outputparameters($cmd,$outparams){
            foreach($p in $cmd.Parameters){
                if ($p.Direction -eq [System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Output){
                $outparams[$p.ParameterName.Replace("@","")]=$p.Value
                }
            }
        }

        function get-paramtype($typename,[switch]$help){
            switch ($typename){
                'uniqueidentifier' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::UniqueIdentifier}
                'int' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Int}
                'xml' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Xml}
                'nvarchar' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::NVarchar}
                default {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Varchar}
            }
        }
        if ($help){
            $msg = @"
    Execute a sql statement.  Parameters are allowed.  
    Input parameters should be a dictionary of parameter names and values.
    Output parameters should be a dictionary of parameter names and types.
    Return value will usually be a list of datarows. 

    Usage: exec-query sql [inputparameters] [outputparameters] [conn] [-help]
    "@
            Write-Host $msg
            return
        }
        $close=($conn.State -eq [System.Data.ConnectionState]'Closed')
        if ($close) {
           $conn.Open()
        }

        $cmd=new-object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand($sql,$conn)
        $cmd.CommandType=[System.Data.CommandType]'StoredProcedure'
        $cmd.CommandText=$storedProcName
        foreach($p in $parameters.Keys){
            $cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@$p",[string]$parameters[$p]).Direction=
                  [System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Input
        }

        put-outputparameters $cmd $outparams
        $ds=New-Object system.Data.DataSet
        $da=New-Object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataAdapter($cmd)
        [Void]$da.fill($ds)
        if ($close) {
           $conn.Close()
        }
        get-outputparameters $cmd $outparams

        return @{data=$ds;outputparams=$outparams}
    }