We have a Cloudfront distribution with custom origin that has been working just fine for quite a long time, serving static assets for one of our sites. Just this morning, we
Beware the Origin Protocol Policy:
For HTTPS viewer requests that CloudFront forwards to this origin, one of the domain names in the SSL certificate on your origin server must match the domain name that you specify for Origin Domain Name. Otherwise, CloudFront responds to the viewer requests with an HTTP status code 502 (Bad Gateway) instead of returning the requested object.
In most cases, you probably want CloudFront to use "HTTP Only", since it fetches objects from a server probably hosted with Amazon too. No need for additional HTTPS complexity at this step.
Note that this is different to the Viewer Protocol Policy. You can read more about the differences between the two here.