How can I check whether there is a bootstrap.js loaded on page (a file bootstrap.js may be compiled into another big JS file)?
AFAIK, Short answer is
It is not possible to detect whether twitter bootstrap is loaded
Twitter bootstrap is essentially css and set of js plugins to jquery. The plugin names are generic like $.fn.button and set of plugins to use are also customizable. Presence of plugin just by name would not help ascertaining that bootstrap is present.