My question is : What\'s the difference between babel-preset-stage-0,babel-preset-stage-1,babel-preset-stage-2 and babel-preset-
The stages represent the stages as defined by the TC39 process that works features from crazy but useful ideas into accepted standards, such as ES6. The process takes some time, as every corner case must be discussed, thought about, tested, polyfilled, discussed some more, etc. That is, it is a standards body. The goal is that saying "ES6" will have a full and complete meaning, much as saying "ES5" does.
In practice, your project requirements may range from staying to the tried and true to playing around with oh-so-convenient, if nebulous, language features. You probably want to start with these links:
The TC39 Process Overview: This includes a nifty chart as to what the stages mean and how features progress from stage to stage. Below that is an overview of TC39.
The Active Proposals: A quick overview of what stage certain proposals are in. It also includes links to the Finished, Inactive, and Stage 0 proposals. Today, April 2017, Public Class Fields is in stage 2, meaning it is precisely described and reviewers have been assigned, but is not fully reviewed.
The Babel Preset Package for Stage 3: The plug-in page, with links to Git and NPM, for all Stage 3 proposals. Basically, this plug-in pulls in the collection of packages that, in theory, polyfill the current proposals in TC39 stage 3. In practice, bugs may occur. Also, you can find the similar Similarly, it links to the plug-in pages for Stage 2 and below. Those pages will link to packages that include both Stage 3 proposals and less stable proposals.
Babel Preset 'env': This Babel preset supports completed proposals, selecting the correct packages needed to support these features in a known environment. For example, a local node executable requires fewer plugins than an older browser. It can be thought of the 'stage-4' plugin that supports approved future features.
In summary, you only need to deal with these prerelease features if you use them. If you do need to use them, pick the highest number of stage that has what you need. If you just want an toy installation with crazy features to discuss around the water cooler, go ahead and grab stage 0.