I had my solution in Visual Studio 2012 (which is under TFS source control) open and the TFS server (2010) was down. When I then made a change to one of the files and attemp
You will need to do two steps here for a complete solution
First click on the Solution that you have open and then go File-> Source Control -> Go Online Then uncheck all the files that are being shown as being modified while you were offline.
Don't do the Get Latest version from Source Control Explorer. That will result in a dialog potentially showing a bunch of files asking you to resolve conflicts. Instead do this
In source Control explorer right click on the folder you want to get latest of and then Advanced - Get Specific Version. In the dropdown for version type choose Latest and then choose the first check box that says Overwrite writable files that are not checked out. This will automatically bring your folder in sync with latest on the server