Detecting whether a GPS coordinate falls within a polygon on a map

Question

As stated in the title, the goal is to have a way for detecting whether a given GPS coordinate falls inside a polygon or not.

The polygon itself can be either convex

Answer 1

JavaScript Version -

{
const PI = 3.14159265;
const TWOPI = 2*PI;
function isCoordinateInsidePitch(latitude, longitude, latArray, longArray)
{       
       let angle=0;
       let p1Lat;
       let p1Long;
       let p2Lat;
       let p2Long;
       let n = latArray.length;

       for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
          p1Lat = latArray[i] - latitude;
          p1Long = longArray[i] - longitude;
          p2Lat = latArray[(i+1)%n] - latitude;
          p2Long = longArray[(i+1)%n] - longitude;
          angle += angle2D(p1Lat,p1Long,p2Lat,p2Long);
       }

       return !(Math.abs(angle) < PI);
}

function angle2D(y1, x1, y2, x2)
{
   let dtheta,theta1,theta2;

   theta1 = Math.atan2(y1,x1);
   theta2 = Math.atan2(y2,x2);
   dtheta = theta2 - theta1;
   while (dtheta > PI)
      dtheta -= TWOPI;
   while (dtheta < -PI)
      dtheta += TWOPI;

   return dtheta;
}

function isValidCoordinate(latitude,longitude)
{
    return (
    latitude !== '' && longitude !== '' && !isNaN(latitude) 
     && !isNaN(longitude) && latitude > -90 &&
     latitude < 90 && longitude > -180 && longitude < 180
     )
}
let latArray = [32.10458, 32.10479, 32.1038, 32.10361];
let longArray = [34.86448, 34.86529, 34.86563, 34.86486];
// true
console.log(isCoordinateInsidePitch(32.104447, 34.865108,latArray, longArray));
// false
// isCoordinateInsidePitch(32.104974, 34.864576,latArray, longArray);
// true
// isValidCoordinate(0, 0)
// true
// isValidCoordinate(32.104974, 34.864576)
}