Using HAL (kernel 2.6.17 and up):
#! /bin/bash
hal-find-by-property --key volume.fsusage --string filesystem |
while read udi ; do
# ignore optical discs
if [[ "$(hal-get-property --udi $udi --key volume.is_disc)" == "false" ]]; then
dev=$(hal-get-property --udi $udi --key block.device)
fs=$(hal-get-property --udi $udi --key volume.fstype)
echo $dev": "$fs
fi
done