I have the following SQL:
select code, distance from places;
The output is below:
CODE DISTANCE LOCATION
To get the correct associated location, you'll need to join a subselect which gets the minimum distance per code on the condition that the distance in the outer main table matches with the minimum distance derived in the subselect.
SELECT a.code, a.distance
FROM places a
INNER JOIN
(
SELECT code, MIN(distance) AS mindistance
FROM places
GROUP BY code
) b ON a.code = b.code AND a.distance = b.mindistance
ORDER BY a.distance