Here is the simple code for counting the number of vowels using recursion
public static int vowels(String s){
int count =0;
char c;
if(s.length()==0){
return 0;
}
else{
c =s.charAt(0);
if(c=='a'||c=='e'||c=='i'||c=='o'||c=='u'){
count++;
}
return count+vowels(s.substring(1));
}
}