Does it have something to do with output?
So, <%= ...code... %> is used for outputting after code is executed, and <% ...code... %>
<%= ...code... %>
<% ...code... %>
<%= is used to output the value of a single expression, e.g.
<%=
<%= object.attribute %> <%= link_to 'Link Title', link_path %>
while <% is used to execute arbitrary Ruby code.
<%