For some reason, Chrome is displaying the SVG without the images in its Image tags.
Here is a sample from my SVG:
Another solution that worked for me is, open SVG image in any editor (Vs code or Notepad++) and replace
xlink:href="data:img/png;base64,
to
xlink:href="data:image/png;base64,
img to image.
Hope this helps if someone is still looking for it.