count number of rows in a data frame in R based on group [duplicate]

Answer 1

Just for completion the data.table solution:

library(data.table)

mydf <- structure(list(ID = c(110L, 111L, 121L, 131L, 141L), 
                       MONTH.YEAR = c("JAN. 2012", "JAN. 2012", 
                                      "FEB. 2012", "FEB. 2012", 
                                      "MAR. 2012"), 
                       VALUE = c(1000L, 2000L, 3000L, 4000L, 5000L)), 
                  .Names = c("ID", "MONTH.YEAR", "VALUE"), 
                  class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -5L))

setDT(mydf)
mydf[, .(`Number of rows` = .N), by = MONTH.YEAR]

   MONTH.YEAR Number of rows
1:  JAN. 2012              2
2:  FEB. 2012              2
3:  MAR. 2012              1