Can I somehow group a set of annotations on an abstract class, and every class that extends this class has automatically assigned these annotations?
At least the fol
The answer is: no
Java annotations are not inherited unless the annotation type has the @Inherited meta-annotation on it: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/annotation/Inherited.html.
Spring's @Component
annotation does not have @Inherited on it, so you will need to put the annotation on each component class. @Service, @Controller and @Repository neither.