I was experimenting with regular expression in trying to make an answer to this question, and found that while regex_match finds a match, regex_search
Looking through the latest libstdc++ source code for regex_search, you will find:
* @todo Implement this function.
Unfortunately this is not the only TODO item left. GCC's implementation is currently incomplete. I recommend using Boost or Clang and #ifdef the code until GCC has caught up.
(This has neither been fixed in the 4.8 branch.)