The first is an array, the second is a literal object:
var a = {};
a.SomeProperty = 1;
console.log(a.SomeProperty);
var b = [];
b['SomeProperty'] = 2;
console.log(b['SomeProperty']);
This will output 1 and 2 in the console logs.
For hashing, use an array (WRONG), thanks for the comment.