Elasticsearch exact matches on analyzed fields

Question

Is there a way to have ElasticSearch identify exact matches on analyzed fields? Ideally, I would like to lowercase, tokenize, stem and perhaps even phoneticize my docs, then

Answer 1

You can use multi-fields for that purpose and have a not_analyzed sub-field within your analyzed field (let's call it item in this example). Your mapping would have to look like this:

{
  "yourtype": {
    "properties": {
      "item": {
        "type": "string",
        "fields": {
          "raw": {
            "type": "string",
            "index": "not_analyzed"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

With this kind of mapping, you can check how each of the values Hamburgers and Hamburger Buns are "viewed" by the analyzer with respect to your multi-field item and item.raw

For Hamburger:

curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/yourtypes/_analyze?field=item&pretty' -d 'Hamburger'
{
  "tokens" : [ {
    "token" : "hamburger",
    "start_offset" : 0,
    "end_offset" : 10,
    "type" : "",
    "position" : 1
  } ]
}
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/yourtypes/_analyze?field=item.raw&pretty' -d 'Hamburger'
{
  "tokens" : [ {
    "token" : "Hamburger",
    "start_offset" : 0,
    "end_offset" : 10,
    "type" : "word",
    "position" : 1
  } ]
}

For Hamburger Buns:

curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/yourtypes/_analyze?field=item&pretty' -d 'Hamburger Buns'
{
  "tokens" : [ {
    "token" : "hamburger",
    "start_offset" : 0,
    "end_offset" : 10,
    "type" : "",
    "position" : 1
  }, {
    "token" : "buns",
    "start_offset" : 11,
    "end_offset" : 15,
    "type" : "",
    "position" : 2
  } ]
}
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/yourtypes/_analyze?field=item.raw&pretty' -d 'Hamburger Buns'
{
  "tokens" : [ {
    "token" : "Hamburger Buns",
    "start_offset" : 0,
    "end_offset" : 15,
    "type" : "word",
    "position" : 1
  } ]
}

As you can see, the not_analyzed field is going to be indexed untouched exactly as it was input.

Now, let's index two sample documents to illustrate this:

curl -XPOST localhost:9200/yourtypes/_bulk -d '
{"index": {"_type": "yourtype", "_id": 1}}
{"item": "Hamburger"}
{"index": {"_type": "yourtype", "_id": 2}}
{"item": "Hamburger Buns"}
'

And finally, to answer your question, if you want to have an exact match on Hamburger, you can search within your sub-field item.raw like this (note that the case has to match, too):

curl -XPOST localhost:9200/yourtypes/yourtype/_search -d '{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "item.raw": "Hamburger"
    }
  }
}'

And you'll get:

{
  ...
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "max_score" : 0.30685282,
    "hits" : [ {
      "_index" : "yourtypes",
      "_type" : "yourtype",
      "_id" : "1",
      "_score" : 0.30685282,
      "_source":{"item": "Hamburger"}
    } ]
  }
}

UPDATE (see comments/discussion below and question re-edit)

Taking your example from the comments and trying to have HaMbUrGeR BuNs match Hamburger buns you could simply achieve it with a match query like this.

curl -XPOST localhost:9200/yourtypes/yourtype/_search?pretty -d '{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "item": {
        "query": "HaMbUrGeR BuNs",
        "operator": "and"
      }
    }
  }
}'

Which based on the same two indexed documents above will yield

{
  ...
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "max_score" : 0.2712221,
    "hits" : [ {
      "_index" : "yourtypes",
      "_type" : "yourtype",
      "_id" : "2",
      "_score" : 0.2712221,
      "_source":{"item": "Hamburger Buns"}
    } ]
  }
}