You can use another type of quoting supported by bash, $'...'. This can contain escaped single quotes.
runuser -l miner $'screen -S Mine -p 0 -X eval \'stuff "pwd"\015\''
Note that within $'...', the \015 will be treated replaced with the actual ASCII character at codepoint 015, so if that's not what you want, you'll need to escape the backslash as well.
runuser -l miner $'screen -S Mine -p 0 -X eval \'stuff "pwd"\\015\''
I think you can take advantage of the $'...' to remove the need for eval as well:
runuser -l miner $'screen -S Mine -p 0 -X stuff "pwd"\015'
