Python 3: Flattening nested dictionaries and lists within dictionaries

Question

I am dealing with a complex nested dictionary and list data structure. I need to flatten the data and bring all nested items to level 0. See below example for more clarity :

Answer 1

I think you're overcomplicating things. You start from a dictionary, with keys and values. Its values are either a dictionary or a list of dictionaries which you want to recurse down, or they're not, in which case you want to leave it alone. So:

def flatten(d):
    out = {}
    for key, val in d.items():
        if isinstance(val, dict):
            val = [val]
        if isinstance(val, list):
            for subdict in val:
                deeper = flatten(subdict).items()
                out.update({key + '_' + key2: val2 for key2, val2 in deeper})
        else:
            out[key] = val
    return out

gives me

In [34]: nested = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': {'c1': [{'c11': 1, 'c12': 2, 'c13': 3}, {'c21': 1, 'c22': 2, 'c23': 3}], 'd1': [{'d11': 1, 'd12': 2, 'd13': 3}, {'d21': 1, 'd22': 2, 'd23': 3}]}, 'x': 1, 'y': 2}

In [35]: flatten(nested)
Out[35]: 
{'a': 1,
 'b': 2,
 'c_c1_c11': 1,
 'c_c1_c12': 2,
 'c_c1_c13': 3,
 'c_c1_c21': 1,
 'c_c1_c22': 2,
 'c_c1_c23': 3,
 'c_d1_d11': 1,
 'c_d1_d12': 2,
 'c_d1_d13': 3,
 'c_d1_d21': 1,
 'c_d1_d22': 2,
 'c_d1_d23': 3,
 'x': 1,
 'y': 2}