I tried some options mentioned in here and performance tested them. At this moment the logicalor seems to be the fastest. Although this is subject of change over time (different JavaScript engine versions).
These are my results (Microsoft Edge 20.10240.16384.0):
Function executed Operations/sec Statistics
TypeofFunction('test'); 92,169,505 ±1.55% 9% slower
SwitchFuntion('test'); 2,904,685 ±2.91% 97% slower
ObjectFunction({param1: 'test'}); 924,753 ±1.71% 99% slower
LogicalOrFunction('test'); 101,205,173 ±0.92% fastest
TypeofFunction2('test'); 35,636,836 ±0.59% 65% slower
This performance test can be easily replicated on:
http://jsperf.com/optional-parameters-typeof-vs-switch/2
This is the code of the test: