How to catch a no parse exception from the read function in Haskell?

Question

In my Haskell program, I want to read in a value given by the user using the getLine function. I then want to use the read function to convert thi

Answer 1

This is an addendum to @barsoap's answer more than anything else.

Haskell exceptions may be thrown anywhere, including in pure code, but they may only be caught from within the IO monad. In order to catch exceptions thrown by pure code, you need to use a catch or try on the IO statement that would force the pure code to be evaluated.

str2Int :: String -> Int -- shortcut so I don't need to add type annotations everywhere
str2Int = read

main = do
  print (str2Int "3") -- ok
  -- print (str2Int "a") -- raises exception
  eVal <- try (print (str2Int "a")) :: IO (Either SomeException ())
  case eVal of
    Left e -> do -- couldn't parse input, try again
    Right n -> do -- could parse the number, go ahead

You should use something more specific than SomeException because that will catch anything. In the above code, the try will return a Left exception if read can't parse the string, but it will also return a Left exception if there's an IO error when trying to print the value, or any number of other things that could possibly go wrong (out of memory, etc.).

Now, here's why exceptions from pure code are evil. What if the IO code doesn't actually force the result to be evaluated?

main2 = do
  inputStr <- getLine
  let data = [0,1,read inputStr] :: [Int]
  eVal <- try (print (head data)) :: IO (Either SomeException ())
  case eVal of
    Right () -> do -- No exception thrown, so the user entered a number ?!
    Left e   -> do -- got an exception, probably couldn't read user input

If you run this, you'll find that you always end up in the Right branch of the case statement, no matter what the user entered. This is because the IO action passed to try doesn't ever try to read the entered string. It prints the first value of the list data, which is constant, and never touches the tail of the list. So in the first branch of the case statement, the coder thinks the data is evaluated but it isn't, and read may still throw an exception.

read is meant for unserializing data, not parsing user-entered input. Use reads, or switch to a real parser combinator library. I like uu-parsinglib, but parsec, polyparse, and many others are good too. You'll very likely need the extra power before long anyway.