In Java you can define a new class inline using anonymous inner classes. This is useful when you need to rewrite only a single method of the class.
Suppose that you
In python you have anonymous functions, declared using lambda statement. I do not like them very much - they are not so readable, and have limited functionality.
However, what you are talking about may be implemented in python with a completely different approach:
class a(object):
def meth_a(self):
print "a"
def meth_b(obj):
print "b"
b = a()
b.__class__.meth_a = meth_b