Is #pragma once a safe include guard?

Question

I\'ve read that there is some compiler optimization when using #pragma once which can result in faster compilation. I recognize that is non-standard, and thus

Answer 1

Not always.

http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52566 has a nice example of two files meant to both be included, but mistakenly thought to be identical because of identical timestamps and content (not identical file name).